瀏覽：74次

所謂系(xi)統(tong)(tong)集成（SI，System Integration），就是通過結(jie)構化的(de)(de)綜合布線(xian)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)和(he)計算(suan)機網絡技術，采(cai)用(yong)(yong)技術整(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)合、功(gong)能整(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)合、數據(ju)整(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)合、模式整(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)合、業務整(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)合等技術手段，將(jiang)各個(ge)分離的(de)(de)設(she)備、軟件(jian)和(he)信息(xi)數據(ju)等要素集成到相互(hu)關(guan)聯的(de)(de)、統(tong)(tong)一和(he)協(xie)(xie)調(diao)的(de)(de)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)之(zhi)中，使(shi)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)整(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)體(ti)的(de)(de)功(gong)能、性能符合使(shi)用(yong)(yong)要求，使(shi)資源達到充(chong)分共(gong)享，實現集中、高效(xiao)、便利的(de)(de)管理。系(xi)統(tong)(tong)集成實現的(de)(de)關(guan)鍵在于解(jie)決(jue)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)之(zhi)間(jian)的(de)(de)互(hu)連和(he)互(hu)操作性問題(ti)，它是一個(ge)多(duo)廠商、多(duo)協(xie)(xie)議和(he)面向各種應用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)體(ti)系(xi)結(jie)構。這需要解(jie)決(jue)各類設(she)備、子系(xi)統(tong)(tong)間(jian)的(de)(de)接口、協(xie)(xie)議、系(xi)統(tong)(tong)平臺(tai)、應用(yong)(yong)軟件(jian)等與(yu)子系(xi)統(tong)(tong)、建筑環(huan)境、施工配(pei)合、組織管理和(he)人員配(pei)備相關(guan)的(de)(de)一切面向集成的(de)(de)問題(ti)。

集成分類

基礎環境集成基礎環(huan)境集(ji)成(cheng)在大多數場合(he)(he)簡稱(cheng)機(ji)房(fang)工程(cheng)，或稱(cheng)為(wei)弱(ruo)電(dian)工程(cheng)，以區分于(yu)機(ji)電(dian)設備(bei)安裝類(lei)的強電(dian)工程(cheng)。它指以搭(da)建組織(zhi)機(ji)構內的信(xin)息(xi)化管理支(zhi)持平(ping)臺(tai)為(wei)目的，利用(yong)綜合(he)(he)布線技(ji)術(shu)(shu)、樓(lou)宇自控技(ji)術(shu)(shu)、通信(xin)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)、網絡(luo)互聯技(ji)術(shu)(shu)、多媒(mei)體(ti)應用(yong)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)、安全防范技(ji)術(shu)(shu)、網絡(luo)安全技(ji)術(shu)(shu)等將相關設備(bei)、軟件(jian)進行集(ji)成(cheng)設計、安裝調試(shi)、界面定(ding)制開發(fa)和應用(yong)支(zhi)持。設備(bei)系統(tong)(tong)(tong)集(ji)成(cheng)也可分為(wei)智能建筑(zhu)系統(tong)(tong)(tong)集(ji)成(cheng)、計算機(ji)網絡(luo)系統(tong)(tong)(tong)集(ji)成(cheng)、安防系統(tong)(tong)(tong)集(ji)成(cheng)。

智(zhi)能建(jian)筑(zhu)系統(tong)(tong)集(ji)成(cheng)：指以(yi)搭建(jian)建(jian)筑(zhu)主體內的(de)(de)建(jian)筑(zhu)智(zhi)能化管(guan)理(li)系統(tong)(tong)為目的(de)(de)，利用(yong)(yong)綜(zong)合布線技(ji)(ji)術(shu)、樓(lou)宇(yu)自控(kong)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)、通信技(ji)(ji)術(shu)、網絡(luo)互聯技(ji)(ji)術(shu)、多(duo)媒體應(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)、安全防(fang)范技(ji)(ji)術(shu)等將相(xiang)關設備(bei)、軟件進行集(ji)成(cheng)設計、安裝調試(shi)、界面定(ding)制開發(fa)和應(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)支持。智(zhi)能建(jian)筑(zhu)系統(tong)(tong)集(ji)成(cheng)實施的(de)(de)子系統(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)包括(kuo)綜(zong)合布線、樓(lou)宇(yu)自控(kong)、電話交換(huan)機、機房工程、監(jian)控(kong)系統(tong)(tong)、防(fang)盜(dao)報警、公共廣(guang)播、門禁(jin)系統(tong)(tong)、樓(lou)宇(yu)對(dui)講(jiang)、一卡通、停車管(guan)理(li)、消防(fang)系統(tong)(tong)、多(duo)媒體顯示系統(tong)(tong)、遠程會議系統(tong)(tong)。對(dui)于功能近似、統(tong)(tong)一管(guan)理(li)的(de)(de)多(duo)幢住宅樓(lou)的(de)(de)智(zhi)能建(jian)筑(zhu)系統(tong)(tong)集(ji)成(cheng)，又稱為智(zhi)能小區系統(tong)(tong)集(ji)成(cheng)。

計算(suan)機網(wang)(wang)絡(luo)系統集(ji)(ji)成(cheng)：英(ying)文Computer Net System Integration，指通過結構化的(de)(de)(de)綜合布線(xian)系統和(he)(he)計算(suan)機網(wang)(wang)絡(luo)技術，將各個分(fen)離的(de)(de)(de)設(she)備(bei)（如個人(ren)電腦）、功能和(he)(he)信息等(deng)集(ji)(ji)成(cheng)到(dao)相互(hu)關(guan)聯、統一(yi)協調的(de)(de)(de)系統之中，使(shi)系統達(da)到(dao)充分(fen)共享，實現集(ji)(ji)中、高(gao)效、便利的(de)(de)(de)管理(li)。系統集(ji)(ji)成(cheng)應采用功能集(ji)(ji)成(cheng)、網(wang)(wang)絡(luo)集(ji)(ji)成(cheng)、軟(ruan)件(jian)集(ji)(ji)成(cheng)等(deng)多(duo)種(zhong)集(ji)(ji)成(cheng)技術，其實現的(de)(de)(de)關(guan)鍵在于解決系統間(jian)的(de)(de)(de)互(hu)聯和(he)(he)互(hu)操作(zuo)問題，通常采用多(duo)廠(chang)家、多(duo)協議和(he)(he)面(mian)向各種(zhong)應用的(de)(de)(de)架構，需(xu)要解決各類設(she)備(bei)、子系統間(jian)的(de)(de)(de)接口(kou)、協議、系統平臺、應用軟(ruan)件(jian)等(deng)與子系統、建筑環境、施工配合、組(zu)織(zhi)管理(li)和(he)(he)人(ren)員配備(bei)相關(guan)的(de)(de)(de)一(yi)切面(mian)向集(ji)(ji)成(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)問題。

安(an)防(fang)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)集(ji)成(cheng)(cheng)：英文 Security System Integration. 指以搭建(jian)組(zu)織(zhi)機構內的安(an)全防(fang)范管(guan)理平臺為(wei)目的，利用綜合布線技(ji)術(shu)(shu)、通信(xin)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)、網(wang)絡(luo)互聯技(ji)術(shu)(shu)、多媒(mei)體應(ying)(ying)用技(ji)術(shu)(shu)、安(an)全防(fang)范技(ji)術(shu)(shu)、網(wang)絡(luo)安(an)全技(ji)術(shu)(shu)等將相關設備、軟件進行集(ji)成(cheng)(cheng)設計、安(an)裝調試、界面定(ding)制開發和應(ying)(ying)用支持。安(an)防(fang)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)集(ji)成(cheng)(cheng)實施(shi)的子(zi)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)包(bao)(bao)括門禁系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)、樓宇對講系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)、監控(kong)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)、防(fang)盜(dao)報警(jing)、一(yi)(yi)卡通、停車管(guan)理、消防(fang)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)、多媒(mei)體顯(xian)示系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)、遠程(cheng)會議系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)。安(an)防(fang)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)集(ji)成(cheng)(cheng)既可(ke)作為(wei)一(yi)(yi)個獨立的系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)集(ji)成(cheng)(cheng)項目，也(ye)可(ke)作為(wei)一(yi)(yi)個子(zi)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)包(bao)(bao)含(han)在智(zhi)能建(jian)筑系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)集(ji)成(cheng)(cheng)中。

空調系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)、供電系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)、照明(ming)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)等基礎(chu)環境(jing)保障系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)也納(na)入基礎(chu)環境(jing)基礎(chu)范圍。

設備集成及硬件系統集成

設(she)備集(ji)(ji)成及硬件(jian)(jian)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)集(ji)(ji)成是(shi)指(zhi)構建(jian)支撐軟件(jian)(jian)運行的(de)硬件(jian)(jian)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)。其中硬件(jian)(jian)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)集(ji)(ji)成包(bao)括(kuo)后臺(tai)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)、傳輸系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)、終端(duan)(duan)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)集(ji)(ji)成。如果后臺(tai)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)是(shi)基于數據(ju)中心建(jian)設(she)或云(yun)平(ping)(ping)臺(tai)建(jian)設(she)的(de)，硬件(jian)(jian)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)包(bao)括(kuo)主機(ji)（平(ping)(ping)臺(tai)）系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)、存(cun)儲（平(ping)(ping)臺(tai)）系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)、網(wang)絡（平(ping)(ping)臺(tai)）系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)和安(an)全（平(ping)(ping)臺(tai)）系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)；傳輸系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)硬件(jian)(jian)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)包(bao)括(kuo)基于光纖、微波、無線(xian)電(dian)等(deng)(deng)傳輸介(jie)質的(de)互聯(lian)網(wang)、移動互聯(lian)網(wang)、物聯(lian)網(wang)、公共云(yun)、私有云(yun)、以及企業內部的(de)局域網(wang)絡等(deng)(deng)；終端(duan)(duan)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)包(bao)括(kuo)基于瀏覽(lan)器應(ying)用(yong)的(de)終端(duan)(duan)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)，手(shou)機(ji)移動終端(duan)(duan)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)，ATM、POS金融終端(duan)(duan)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)，大屏(ping)幕顯(xian)示系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)，以及其他工業應(ying)用(yong)的(de)采集(ji)(ji)控制系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)等(deng)(deng)。
軟件集(ji)成及軟件系統集(ji)成
軟(ruan)(ruan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)集(ji)(ji)(ji)成(cheng)或(huo)軟(ruan)(ruan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)集(ji)(ji)(ji)成(cheng)是(shi)指基(ji)(ji)于(yu)硬件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)，通過把(ba)多(duo)個(ge)軟(ruan)(ruan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)功(gong)能或(huo)多(duo)個(ge)軟(ruan)(ruan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)功(gong)能進(jin)行整(zheng)合，構建一體化(hua)的(de)、統(tong)一、協(xie)調的(de)應用系(xi)(xi)統(tong)。軟(ruan)(ruan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)集(ji)(ji)(ji)成(cheng)包括基(ji)(ji)礎軟(ruan)(ruan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)，支撐軟(ruan)(ruan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)，安全(quan)軟(ruan)(ruan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)，應用軟(ruan)(ruan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)，輔助工具(ju)軟(ruan)(ruan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)等軟(ruan)(ruan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)集(ji)(ji)(ji)成(cheng)；以(yi)及(ji)包括基(ji)(ji)于(yu)視頻圖像(xiang)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)、數(shu)據(ju)采集(ji)(ji)(ji)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)、科學計算分析系(xi)(xi)統(tong)等專業軟(ruan)(ruan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)的(de)集(ji)(ji)(ji)成(cheng)。定(ding)制開發軟(ruan)(ruan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)是(shi)軟(ruan)(ruan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)集(ji)(ji)(ji)成(cheng)技(ji)術(shu)的(de)重要手段(duan)，其(qi)中基(ji)(ji)于(yu)WEB服務(wu)的(de)開發工具(ju)可以(yi)實現界面集(ji)(ji)(ji)成(cheng)，而基(ji)(ji)于(yu)大數(shu)據(ju)支撐軟(ruan)(ruan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)，可以(yi)實現數(shu)據(ju)集(ji)(ji)(ji)成(cheng)。

總集成

總(zong)(zong)集成(cheng)以實(shi)現復(fu)雜系(xi)統(tong)的一體化(hua)建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)、整(zheng)體交付為目(mu)標(biao)，開(kai)展基于系(xi)統(tong)集成(cheng)技術的建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)實(shi)施(shi)相關(guan)工(gong)作(zuo)。為了實(shi)現總(zong)(zong)集成(cheng)的目(mu)標(biao)，總(zong)(zong)集成(cheng)即直接參與項目(mu)建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)，又承擔施(shi)工(gong)監理和(he)技術管理的工(gong)作(zuo)。
首(shou)先，總(zong)集成應開展（或(huo)(huo)至(zhi)少應參與）系(xi)(xi)統的(de)可行性研究、需求(qiu)定義、總(zong)體(ti)(ti)設(she)計等(deng)前期(qi)咨詢工作，提出系(xi)(xi)統相(xiang)關的(de)頂層設(she)計或(huo)(huo)規劃，清晰明確系(xi)(xi)統建設(she)的(de)總(zong)體(ti)(ti)目標、體(ti)(ti)系(xi)(xi)框架(jia)、技術(shu)關鍵點。
其次，總集(ji)成應提出“系(xi)統(tong)集(ji)成實(shi)(shi)施(shi)及管(guan)理(li)”設(she)計(ji)方(fang)案，包括復雜系(xi)統(tong)的(de)分解，如(ru)何(he)分步(bu)驟的(de)實(shi)(shi)施(shi)，以及如(ru)何(he)基于集(ji)成技術構建(jian)統(tong)一、協調(diao)的(de)整(zheng)(zheng)體系(xi)統(tong)，并通過聯調(diao)測試(shi)、試(shi)運行等(deng)驗證手段，最終實(shi)(shi)現系(xi)統(tong)的(de)整(zheng)(zheng)體交付。
總(zong)集(ji)成(cheng)負(fu)責系統建設的(de)實施(shi)工作，包(bao)括技術(shu)(shu)方案(an)審查、總(zong)體聯調(diao)、試運行(xing)、整體交付等。總(zong)集(ji)成(cheng)也(ye)負(fu)責系統建設的(de)技術(shu)(shu)管理(li)工作，包(bao)括資源調(diao)度(du)、協調(diao)、管理(li)，工程質量把關，技術(shu)(shu)難點的(de)落(luo)地，進度(du)把控等。
總集(ji)成(cheng)在工程(cheng)(cheng)建設(she)的商務活動中，承擔工程(cheng)(cheng)總包(bao)、分包(bao)的相關技術(shu)工作，包(bao)括項目(mu)概預(yu)算、分系統招標(biao)、項目(mu)結(jie)算和決(jue)算等。